the threatening tendency of the stress to the individual, and 2). These two factors include: 1). Richard Lazarus. Richard Lazarus attempts to explain how cognition, stress, and emotion are interrelated to one another through the cognitive mediational theory of emotion. Richard Lazarus, the originator of stress appraisal theory, became interested in the early 1950s in studying differences between individuals with relation to stress and the coping mechanisms. Appraisal theories argue that differences in the assessment of events give rise to distinct discrete emotions that, in turn, color judgments in a manner consistent with the emotion’s underlying appraisal pattern (e.g., Lerner and Keltner 2000, 2001). Start studying Lazarus Appraisal Theory (1982, 1991). In 1991, psychologist Richard Lazarus built on appraisal theory to develop cognitive-mediational theory. Cognitive Appraisal; Lazarus stated that cognitive appraisal occurs when a person considers two major factors that majorly contribute in his response to stress. The work provides a complete theory of emotional processes, explaining how different emotions are elicited and expressed, and how the emotional range of individuals develops over their lifetime. His theory focuses on the role of what he called “appraisal.” Appraisal is defined in this theory as the tendency of the human mind to create an automatic assessment of any given situation. Lazarus, R. S. (1991). Oxford University Press. What is appraisal theory? Following close to Magda Arnold in terms of appraisal theory examination was Richard Lazarus who continued to research emotions through appraisal theory before his death in 2002. Lazarus and Folkman coined the concept of cognitive appraisal and reappraisal. Abstract. This theory still asserts that our emotions are determined by our appraisal of the stimulus, but it suggests that immediate, unconscious appraisals mediate between the stimulus and the emotional response. Citation. Appraisal theory (e.g., Arnold, 1960; Frijda, 1986; Lazarus, 1991; Scherer, 1984a) describes the cognitive process by which individuals evaluate environmental stimuli relevant for individual well-being and trigger emotions that ready the body for action. According to their theory, stress coping implies an intricate process of thinking and assigning meaning to it. Since he began researching in the 1950s, this concept evolves and expands to … appraisal theories of emotions (Lazarus 1991). Emotion and adaptation. Appraisal theory examines the process by which emotions are elicited as a result of an individual's subjective interpretation or evaluation of important events or situations; hence, it is the evaluation of events to determine one's safety in relation to his or her place in the environment (Lazarus, 1999). Learn vocabulary, terms, and more with flashcards, games, and other study tools. Appraisal theories (e.g., Arnold 1960; Ellsworth 2013; Frijda 1986; Lazarus 1991; Ortony et al. In its simplest form, its essence is the claim that emotions are elicited by evaluations (appraisals) of events and situations.

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